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Hen (pronoun)
''Hen'' () is a gender-neutral personal pronoun in Swedish intended as an alternative to the gender-specific ''hon'' ("she") and ''han'' ("he"). It can be used when the gender of a person is not known or when it is not desirable to specify them as either a "she" or "he". The word was first proposed in 1966, and again in 1994, with reference to the Finnish ''hän'', a personal pronoun that is gender-neutral, since Finnish does not have grammatical genders. However, it did not receive widespread recognition until around 2010, when it began to be used in some books, magazines and newspapers, and provoked media debates and controversy over feminism, gender neutrality, and parenting. In July 2014 it was announced that ''hen'' would be included in ''Svenska Akademiens ordlista'', the official glossary of the Swedish Academy.
It is currently treated as neologism by Swedish manuals of style. Major newspapers like ''Dagens Nyheter'' have recommended against its usage, though some journalists still use it. The Swedish Language Council has not issued any specific proscriptions against the use of ''hen'', but recommends the inflected forms ''hens'' ("her(s)/his") as the possessive form and the object form ''hen'' ("her/him") over ''henom'', which also occurs. ''Hen'' has two basic usages: as a way to avoid a stated preference to either gender; or as a way of referring to individuals who are transgender, who prefer to identify themselves as belonging to a third gender or who reject the division of male/female gender roles on ideological grounds, including genderqueer.
== Linguistic background ==
The Swedish language has a set of personal pronouns which is more or less identical in form to that of English. The common pronouns used for human beings are either ''han'' ("he") or ''hon'' ("she"). While Swedish and Danish historically had the same set of three grammatical genders as modern German, with masculine, feminine and neuter, the three-gender system fell out of use from the dialects out of which the respective standard languages were developing sometime in the late Middle Ages. The system contracted so that words of masculine and feminine gender folded into a ''common gender'' while the neuter gender remained. In Swedish, there are two words that would translate to the English pronoun "it": ''den'' for common gender words and ''det'' for neuter gender words. Both are gender-neutral in the sense of not referring to male or female, but they are not used to refer to human beings except in specific circumstances.〔Pettersson (1996), pp. 154–155〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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